Getal & Ruimte (12e editie) - vwo wiskunde B
'Sinus- en cosinusregel'.
| vwo wiskunde B | 3.5 De sinusregel en de cosinusregel |
opgave 13p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 10 \text{,}\) \(\angle B = 53\degree\) en \(\angle C = 75\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInScherp 007p - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} = {B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = {A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle C) \over \sin(\angle B)} = {10 ⋅ \sin(75\degree) \over \sin(53\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}B ≈ 12{,}1 \text{.}\) 1p 3p b Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 30 \text{,}\) \(\angle P = 42\degree\) en \(\angle Q = 91\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInStomp 007q - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \sin(\angle Q) \over \sin(\angle P)} = {30 ⋅ \sin(91\degree) \over \sin(42\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(P\kern{-.8pt}R ≈ 44{,}8 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 21 \text{,}\) \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 29\) en \(\angle B = 42\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInScherp 007r - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 5ms c De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} = {B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle C) = {A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ \sin(\angle B) \over A\kern{-.8pt}C} = {29 ⋅ \sin(42\degree) \over 21} = 0{,}924... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle C ≈ 67{,}5\degree\) of \(\angle C ≈ 112{,}5\degree \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 18 \text{,}\) \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = 29\) en \(\angle M = 35\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInStomp 007s - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle K) = {L\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \sin(\angle M) \over K\kern{-.8pt}L} = {29 ⋅ \sin(35\degree) \over 18} = 0{,}924... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle K ≈ 67{,}5\degree\) of \(\angle K ≈ 112{,}5\degree \text{.}\) 1p opgave 24p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 38 \text{,}\) \(\angle B = 36\degree\) en \(\angle A = 63\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInScherp 007t - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a Uit \(\angle B + \angle C + \angle A = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle C = 180\degree - \angle B - \angle A = 180\degree - 36\degree - 63\degree = 81\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} = {B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = {A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ \sin(\angle B) \over \sin(\angle C)} = {38 ⋅ \sin(36\degree) \over \sin(81\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}C ≈ 22{,}6 \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 36 \text{,}\) \(\angle A = 39\degree\) en \(\angle C = 36\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInStomp 007u - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b Uit \(\angle A + \angle B + \angle C = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle B = 180\degree - \angle A - \angle C = 180\degree - 39\degree - 36\degree = 105\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = {A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle A) \over \sin(\angle B)} = {36 ⋅ \sin(39\degree) \over \sin(105\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(B\kern{-.8pt}C ≈ 23{,}5 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 15 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 14\) en \(\angle K = 80\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInScherp 007v - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms c De cosinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \(L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} + K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} - 2 ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \cos(\angle K) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = 15^{2} + 14^{2} - 2 ⋅ 15 ⋅ 14 ⋅ \cos(80\degree) = 348{,}067... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = \sqrt{348{,}067...} ≈ 18{,}7 \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 19 \text{,}\) \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 34\) en \(\angle B = 105\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInStomp 007w - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} + B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \cos(\angle B) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = 19^{2} + 34^{2} - 2 ⋅ 19 ⋅ 34 ⋅ \cos(105\degree) = 1851{,}394... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = \sqrt{1851{,}394...} ≈ 43{,}0 \text{.}\) 1p opgave 34p a Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 20 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 31\) en \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = 35 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInScherp 007x - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 4ms a De cosinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \(L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} + K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} - 2 ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \cos(\angle K) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(35^{2} = 20^{2} + 31^{2} - 2 ⋅ 20 ⋅ 31 ⋅ \cos(\angle K)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle K) = {1\,225 - 1\,361 \over -1\,240} = 0{,}109...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle K = \cos^{-1}(0{,}109...) ≈ 83{,}7\degree \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 22 \text{,}\) \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = 29\) en \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 38 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInStomp 007y - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De cosinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q^{2} = Q\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} + P\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} - 2 ⋅ Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ P\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \cos(\angle R) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(38^{2} = 22^{2} + 29^{2} - 2 ⋅ 22 ⋅ 29 ⋅ \cos(\angle R)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle R) = {1\,444 - 1\,325 \over -1\,276} = -0{,}093...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle R = \cos^{-1}(-0{,}093...) ≈ 95{,}4\degree \text{.}\) 1p |