Getal & Ruimte (12e editie) - vwo wiskunde B
'Sinus- en cosinusregel'.
| vwo wiskunde B | 3.5 De sinusregel en de cosinusregel |
opgave 13p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 20 \text{,}\) \(\angle B = 58\degree\) en \(\angle C = 80\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInScherp 007p - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} = {B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = {A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle C) \over \sin(\angle B)} = {20 ⋅ \sin(80\degree) \over \sin(58\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}B ≈ 23{,}2 \text{.}\) 1p 3p b Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 31 \text{,}\) \(\angle L = 43\degree\) en \(\angle M = 97\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInStomp 007q - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = {K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \sin(\angle M) \over \sin(\angle L)} = {31 ⋅ \sin(97\degree) \over \sin(43\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}L ≈ 45{,}1 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 13 \text{,}\) \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 22\) en \(\angle R = 27\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInScherp 007r - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 4ms c De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle P) = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \sin(\angle R) \over P\kern{-.8pt}Q} = {22 ⋅ \sin(27\degree) \over 13} = 0{,}768... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle P ≈ 50{,}2\degree\) of \(\angle P ≈ 129{,}8\degree \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 13 \text{,}\) \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 29\) en \(\angle R = 26\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInStomp 007s - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle P) = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \sin(\angle R) \over P\kern{-.8pt}Q} = {29 ⋅ \sin(26\degree) \over 13} = 0{,}977... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle P ≈ 77{,}9\degree\) of \(\angle P ≈ 102{,}1\degree \text{.}\) 1p opgave 24p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 37 \text{,}\) \(\angle A = 34\degree\) en \(\angle C = 60\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInScherp 007t - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a Uit \(\angle A + \angle B + \angle C = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle B = 180\degree - \angle A - \angle C = 180\degree - 34\degree - 60\degree = 86\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \({B\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle A)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}C \over \sin(\angle B)} = {A\kern{-.8pt}B \over \sin(\angle C)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = {A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \sin(\angle A) \over \sin(\angle B)} = {37 ⋅ \sin(34\degree) \over \sin(86\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(B\kern{-.8pt}C ≈ 20{,}7 \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = 41 \text{,}\) \(\angle P = 51\degree\) en \(\angle R = 28\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInStomp 007u - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b Uit \(\angle P + \angle Q + \angle R = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle Q = 180\degree - \angle P - \angle R = 180\degree - 51\degree - 28\degree = 101\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = {P\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \sin(\angle P) \over \sin(\angle Q)} = {41 ⋅ \sin(51\degree) \over \sin(101\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R ≈ 32{,}5 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 30 \text{,}\) \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 20\) en \(\angle A = 88\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInScherp 007v - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms c De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} + A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ \cos(\angle A) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = 30^{2} + 20^{2} - 2 ⋅ 30 ⋅ 20 ⋅ \cos(88\degree) = 1258{,}120... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = \sqrt{1258{,}120...} ≈ 35{,}5 \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 25 \text{,}\) \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 18\) en \(\angle B = 113\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInStomp 007w - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} + B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \cos(\angle B) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = 25^{2} + 18^{2} - 2 ⋅ 25 ⋅ 18 ⋅ \cos(113\degree) = 1300{,}658... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = \sqrt{1300{,}658...} ≈ 36{,}1 \text{.}\) 1p opgave 34p a Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 11 \text{,}\) \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = 12\) en \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 14 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInScherp 007x - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 4ms a De cosinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q^{2} = Q\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} + P\kern{-.8pt}R^{2} - 2 ⋅ Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ P\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \cos(\angle R) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(14^{2} = 11^{2} + 12^{2} - 2 ⋅ 11 ⋅ 12 ⋅ \cos(\angle R)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle R) = {196 - 265 \over -264} = 0{,}261...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle R = \cos^{-1}(0{,}261...) ≈ 74{,}8\degree \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 20 \text{,}\) \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 14\) en \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 26 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInStomp 007y - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} + B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \cos(\angle B) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(26^{2} = 20^{2} + 14^{2} - 2 ⋅ 20 ⋅ 14 ⋅ \cos(\angle B)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle B) = {676 - 596 \over -560} = -0{,}142...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle B = \cos^{-1}(-0{,}142...) ≈ 98{,}2\degree \text{.}\) 1p |