Getal & Ruimte (12e editie) - vwo wiskunde B
'Sinus- en cosinusregel'.
| vwo wiskunde B | 3.5 De sinusregel en de cosinusregel |
opgave 13p a Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = 10 \text{,}\) \(\angle P = 61\degree\) en \(\angle Q = 59\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInScherp 007p - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R ⋅ \sin(\angle Q) \over \sin(\angle P)} = {10 ⋅ \sin(59\degree) \over \sin(61\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(P\kern{-.8pt}R ≈ 9{,}8 \text{.}\) 1p 3p b Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 19 \text{,}\) \(\angle R = 34\degree\) en \(\angle P = 118\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeInStomp 007q - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q ⋅ \sin(\angle P) \over \sin(\angle R)} = {19 ⋅ \sin(118\degree) \over \sin(34\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(Q\kern{-.8pt}R ≈ 30{,}0 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) met \(P\kern{-.8pt}R = 23 \text{,}\) \(P\kern{-.8pt}Q = 29\) en \(\angle Q = 50\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInScherp 007r - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 5ms c De sinusregel in \(\triangle P\kern{-.8pt}Q\kern{-.8pt}R\) geeft \({P\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle Q)} = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q \over \sin(\angle R)} = {Q\kern{-.8pt}R \over \sin(\angle P)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle R) = {P\kern{-.8pt}Q ⋅ \sin(\angle Q) \over P\kern{-.8pt}R} = {29 ⋅ \sin(50\degree) \over 23} = 0{,}965... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle R ≈ 75{,}0\degree\) of \(\angle R ≈ 105{,}0\degree \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 11 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 21\) en \(\angle L = 25\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelHoekInStomp 007s - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Daaruit volgt \(\sin(\angle M) = {K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \sin(\angle L) \over K\kern{-.8pt}M} = {21 ⋅ \sin(25\degree) \over 11} = 0{,}806... \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dit geeft \(\angle M ≈ 53{,}8\degree\) of \(\angle M ≈ 126{,}2\degree \text{.}\) 1p opgave 24p a Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 38 \text{,}\) \(\angle L = 47\degree\) en \(\angle K = 44\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInScherp 007t - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms a Uit \(\angle L + \angle M + \angle K = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle M = 180\degree - \angle L - \angle K = 180\degree - 47\degree - 44\degree = 89\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} = {L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = {K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \sin(\angle L) \over \sin(\angle M)} = {38 ⋅ \sin(47\degree) \over \sin(89\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}M ≈ 27{,}8 \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 26 \text{,}\) \(\angle K = 44\degree\) en \(\angle M = 42\degree \text{.}\) SinusregelZijdeNaHoekInStomp 007u - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b Uit \(\angle K + \angle L + \angle M = 180\degree\) volgt \(\angle L = 180\degree - \angle K - \angle M = 180\degree - 44\degree - 42\degree = 94\degree \text{.}\) 1p ○ De sinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \({L\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle K)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}M \over \sin(\angle L)} = {K\kern{-.8pt}L \over \sin(\angle M)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = {K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \sin(\angle K) \over \sin(\angle L)} = {26 ⋅ \sin(44\degree) \over \sin(94\degree)} \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(L\kern{-.8pt}M ≈ 18{,}1 \text{.}\) 1p 3p c Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = 37 \text{,}\) \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 25\) en \(\angle K = 88\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInScherp 007v - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms c De cosinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \(L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} + K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} - 2 ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ \cos(\angle K) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = 37^{2} + 25^{2} - 2 ⋅ 37 ⋅ 25 ⋅ \cos(88\degree) = 1929{,}435... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = \sqrt{1929{,}435...} ≈ 43{,}9 \text{.}\) 1p 3p d Gegeven is \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) met \(K\kern{-.8pt}L = 12 \text{,}\) \(L\kern{-.8pt}M = 18\) en \(\angle L = 94\degree \text{.}\) CosinusregelZijdeInStomp 007w - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms d De cosinusregel in \(\triangle K\kern{-.8pt}L\kern{-.8pt}M\) geeft \(K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = K\kern{-.8pt}L^{2} + L\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} - 2 ⋅ K\kern{-.8pt}L ⋅ L\kern{-.8pt}M ⋅ \cos(\angle L) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Dus \(K\kern{-.8pt}M^{2} = 12^{2} + 18^{2} - 2 ⋅ 12 ⋅ 18 ⋅ \cos(94\degree) = 498{,}134... \text{.}\) 1p ○ \(K\kern{-.8pt}M = \sqrt{498{,}134...} ≈ 22{,}3 \text{.}\) 1p opgave 34p a Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 18 \text{,}\) \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 14\) en \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 21 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInScherp 007x - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 5ms a De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} = A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} + A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} - 2 ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}B ⋅ \cos(\angle A) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(21^{2} = 18^{2} + 14^{2} - 2 ⋅ 18 ⋅ 14 ⋅ \cos(\angle A)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle A) = {441 - 520 \over -504} = 0{,}156...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle A = \cos^{-1}(0{,}156...) ≈ 81{,}0\degree \text{.}\) 1p 4p b Gegeven is \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) met \(B\kern{-.8pt}C = 29 \text{,}\) \(A\kern{-.8pt}C = 39\) en \(A\kern{-.8pt}B = 56 \text{.}\) CosinusregelHoekInStomp 007y - Sinus- en cosinusregel - basis - 0ms b De cosinusregel in \(\triangle A\kern{-.8pt}B\kern{-.8pt}C\) geeft \(A\kern{-.8pt}B^{2} = B\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} + A\kern{-.8pt}C^{2} - 2 ⋅ B\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ A\kern{-.8pt}C ⋅ \cos(\angle C) \text{.}\) 1p ○ Invullen geeft \(56^{2} = 29^{2} + 39^{2} - 2 ⋅ 29 ⋅ 39 ⋅ \cos(\angle C)\) 1p ○ Balansmethode geeft \(\cos(\angle C) = {3\,136 - 2\,362 \over -2\,262} = -0{,}342...\) 1p ○ Hieruit volgt \(\angle C = \cos^{-1}(-0{,}342...) ≈ 110{,}0\degree \text{.}\) 1p |